[1] |
Fritts D C, Alexander J M. Gravity wave dynamics and effects in the middle atmosphere. Reviews of Geophysics, 2003, 41 (1): 1003. doi: 10.1029/2001rg000106
|
[2] |
Frobes J M, Garrett H B. Theoretical studies of atmospheric tides. Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics, 1979, 17 (8): 1951–1981. doi: 10.1029/rg017i008p01951
|
[3] |
Hocking W K, Fuller B, Vandepeer B. Real-time determination of meteor-related parameters utilizing modern digital technology. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2001, 63: 155–169. doi: 10.1016/S1364-6826(00)00138-3
|
[4] |
Holdsworth D A, Reid I M, Cervera M A. Buckland Park all-sky interferometric meteor radar. Radio Science, 2004, 39: RS5009. doi: 10.1029/2003RS003014
|
[5] |
Ma Z, Gong Y, Zhang S, et al. Study of mean wind variations and gravity wave forcing via a meteor radar chain and comparison with HWM-07 results. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2018, 123 (17): 9488–9501. doi: 10.1029/2018jd028799
|
[6] |
Stober G, Kuchar A, Pokhotelov D, et al. Interhemispheric differences of mesosphere–lower thermosphere winds and tides investigated from three whole-atmosphere models and meteor radar observations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2021, 21 (18): 13855–13902. doi: 10.5194/acp-21-13855-2021
|
[7] |
Zhou B Z, Xue X H, Yi W, et al. A comparison of MLT wind between meteor radar chain and SD-WACCM results. Earth and Planetary Physics, 2022, 6 (5): 451–464. doi: 10.26464/epp2022040
|
[8] |
Yu Y, Wan W, Ning B, et al. Tidal wind mapping from observations of a meteor radar chain in December 2011. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2013, 118 (5): 2321–2332. doi: 10.1029/2012JA017976
|
[9] |
Stober G, Janches D, Matthias V, et al. Seasonal evolution of winds, atmospheric tides, and Reynolds stress components in the Southern Hemisphere mesosphere–lower thermosphere in 2019. Annales Geophysicae, 2021, 39 (1): 1–29. doi: 10.5194/angeo-39-1-2021
|
[10] |
Wang J C, Palo S E, Forbes J M, et al. Unusual quasi 10-day planetary wave activity and the ionospheric response during the 2019 Southern Hemisphere sudden stratospheric warming. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2021, 126 (6): e2021JA029286. doi: 10.1029/2021ja029286
|
[11] |
Wang J, Yi W, Chen T, et al. Quasi-6-day waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region and their possible coupling with the QBO and solar 27-day rotation. Earth and Planetary Physics, 2020, 4 (3): 285–295. doi: 10.26464/epp2020024
|
[12] |
Gu S Y, Lei J, Dou X, et al. The modulation of the quasi-two-day wave on total electron content as revealed by BeiDou GEO and meteor radar observations over central China. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2017, 122 (10): 10651–10657. doi: 10.1002/2017ja024349
|
[13] |
Holdsworth D A, Morris R J, Murphy D J, et al. Antarctic mesospheric temperature estimation using the Davis mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere radar. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2006, 111: D05108. doi: 10.1029/2005JD006589
|
[14] |
Hocking W K, Singer W, Bremer J, et al. Meteor radar temperatures at multiple sites derived with SKiYMET radars and compared to OH, rocket and lidar measurements. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2004, 66: 585–593. doi: 10.1016/j.jastp.2004.01.011
|
[15] |
Hall C M, Aso T, Tsutsumi M, et al. Neutral air temperatures at 90 km and 70°N and 78°N. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2006, 111: D14105. doi: 10.1029/2005JD006794
|
[16] |
Yi W, Xue X, Chen J, et al. Estimation of mesopause temperatures at low latitudes using the Kunming meteor radar. Radio Science, 2016, 51 (3): 130–141. doi: 10.1002/2015rs005722
|
[17] |
Yi W, Xue X, Reid I M, et al. Climatology of interhemispheric mesopause temperatures using the high-latitude and middle-latitude meteor radars. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2021, 126 (6): e2020JD034301. doi: 10.1029/2020jd034301
|
[18] |
Yi W, Xue X, Reid I M, et al. Estimation of mesospheric densities at low latitudes using the Kunming meteor radar together with SABER temperatures. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2018, 123 (4): 3183–3195. doi: 10.1002/2017ja025059
|
[19] |
Yi W, Xue X, Reid I M, et al. Climatology of the mesopause relative density using a global distribution of meteor radars. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2019, 19 (11): 7567–7581. doi: 10.5194/acp-19-7567-2019
|
[20] |
Rees D, Branett J J, Labitske K. COSPAR International Reference Atmosphere: 1986, Part II, Middle Atmosphere Models. Advances in Space Research, 1990, 10 (12): 357–517. doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(90)90405-o
|
[21] |
Picone J M, Hedin A E, Drob D P, et al. NRLMSISE-00 empirical model of the atmosphere: Statistical comparisons and scientific issues. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2002, 107 (A12): 1468. doi: 10.1029/2002JA009430
|
[22] |
Drob D P, Emmert J T, Crowley G, et al. An empirical model of the Earth’s horizontal wind fields: HWM07. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2008, 113: A12204. doi: 10.1029/2008ja013668
|
[23] |
Tang Q, Zhou Y, Du Z, et al. A comparison of meteor radar observation over China region with horizontal wind model (HWM14). Atmosphere, 2021, 12 (1): 98. doi: 10.3390/atmos12010098
|
[24] |
McCormack J, Hoppel K, Kuhl D, et al. Comparison of mesospheric winds from a high-altitude meteorological analysis system and meteor radar observations during the boreal winters of 2009–2010 and 2012–2013. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2017, 154: 132–166. doi: 10.1016/j.jastp.2016.12.007
|
[25] |
Stober G, Baumgarten K, McCormack J P, et al. Comparative study between ground-based observations and NAVGEM-HA analysis data in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2020, 20 (20): 11979–12010. doi: 10.5194/acp-20-11979-2020
|
[26] |
Jones J, Webster A R, Hocking W K. An improved interferometer design for use with meteor radars. Radio Science, 1998, 33 (1): 55–65. doi: 10.1029/97rs03050
|
[27] |
Reid I M, McIntosh D L, Murphy, D J, et al. Mesospheric radar wind comparisons at high and middle southern latitudes. Earth, Planets and Space, 2018, 70 (1): 84. doi: 10.1186/s40623-018-0861-1
|
[28] |
Zeng J, Yi W, Xue X, et al. Comparison between the mesospheric winds observed by two collocated meteor radars at low latitudes. Remote Sensing, 2022, 14 (10): 2354. doi: 10.3390/rs14102354
|
[29] |
Singer W, von Zahn U, Weiß J. Diurnal and annual variations of meteor rates at the arctic circle. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2004, 4: 1355–1363. doi: 10.5194/acpd-4-1-2004
|
[30] |
Janches D, Palo S E, Lau E M, et al. Diurnal and seasonal variability of the meteoric flux at the South Pole measured with radars. Geophysical Research Letters, 2004, 31: L20807. doi: 10.1029/2004GL021104
|
[31] |
Reid I M, Holdsworth D A, Morris R J, et al. Meteor observations using the Davis mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere radar. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2006, 111: A05305. doi: 10.1029/2005JA011443
|
[32] |
McCormack J P, Lynn Harvey V, Randall C E, et al. Intercomparison of middle atmospheric meteorological analyses for the Northern Hemisphere winter 2009–2010. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2021, 21 (23): 17577–17605. doi: 10.5194/acp-21-17577-2021
|
[33] |
Das S S, Kumar K K, Ramkumar G. First observations of quasi 120 day oscillation in mesospheric winds and temperature: Observations inferred from meteor radar. Radio Science, 2013, 48: 310–315. doi: 10.1002/rds.20037
|
[34] |
Yi W, Xue X, Chen J, et al. Quasi-90-day oscillation observed in the MLT region at low latitudes from the Kunming meteor radar and SABER. Earth and Planetary Physics, 2019, 3 (2): 136–146. doi: 10.26464/epp2019013
|
[35] |
Guharay A, Batista P P, Buriti R A. Observations of a quasi-90-day oscillation in the MLT winds and tides over an equatorial station using meteor radar winds. Advances in Space Research, 2021, 67 (10): 3125–3133. doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2021.02.004
|
[36] |
Gasperini F, Hagan M E, Zhao Y. Evidence of tropospheric 90 day oscillations in the thermosphere. Geophysical Research Letters, 2017, 44 (20): 10125–10133. doi: 10.1002/2017gl075445
|
[37] |
Reid I M, Spargo A J, Woithe J M. Seasonal variations of the nighttime O(1S) and O (8-3) airglow intensity at Adelaide, Australia. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2014, 119: 6991–7013. doi: 10.1002/2013JD020906
|
[38] |
Remsberg E, Damadeo R, Natarajan M, et al. Observed responses of mesospheric water vapor to solar cycle and dynamical forcings. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2018, 123 (7): 3830–3843. doi: 10.1002/2017jd028029
|
[39] |
Luo J, Gong Y, Ma Z, et al. Long-term variation of lunar semidiurnal tides in the MLT region revealed by a meteor radar chain. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2022, 127 (9): e2022JA030616. doi: 10.1029/2022ja030616
|
[40] |
Li N, Luan X, Lei J, et al. Variations of mesospheric neutral winds and tides observed by a meteor radar chain over China during the 2013 sudden stratospheric warming. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2020, 125 (5): e2019JA027443. doi: 10.1029/2019ja027443
|
[41] |
Ma Z, Gong Y, Zhang S, et al. Understanding the excitation of quasi-6-day waves in both hemispheres during the September 2019 Antarctic SSW. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2022, 127 (3): e2021JD035984. doi: 10.1029/2021jd035984
|
[42] |
Gu S Y, Li T, Dou X, et al. Long-term observations of the quasi two-day wave by Hawaii MF radar. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2013, 118 (12): 7886–7894. doi: 10.1002/2013JA018858
|
[43] |
Gu S Y, Li T, Dou X, et al. Observations of quasi-two-day wave by TIMED/SABER and TIMED/TIDI. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2013, 118 (4): 1624–1639. doi: 10.1002/jgrd.50191
|
[44] |
Gu S Y, Liu H L, Pedatella N M, et al. On the wave number 2 eastward propagating quasi 2 day wave at middle and high latitudes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2017, 122 (4): 4489–4499. doi: 10.1002/2016ja023353
|
[45] |
Hindley N P, Mitchell N J, Cobbett N, et al. Radar observations of winds, waves and tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere over South Georgia island (54°S, 36°W) and comparison with WACCM simulations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2022, 22 (14): 9435–9459. doi: 10.5194/acp-22-9435-2022
|
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of a backward scatter geometry for the Mengcheng meteor radar. The left bottom shows the five element Yagi antennas using a cross ‘+’ shape arrangement used for reception. The left upper panel shows the horizontal projection of 17191 meteor detections (blue dots) observed by the MCMR on October 16, 2021. The red dot represents the location of MCMR. The red circles represent distances of 100 km, 200 km and 300 km to the MCMR.
Figure 2. (a) Diurnal (local time) variation in meteor number observed by MCMR from October 16 to October 20 in 2021. (b) Histogram of the meteor height distribution observed by the MCMR on October 16, 2021. The fitted Gaussian curves are used to estimate the peak height (μ) and standard deviation (σ) of the meteor height distribution. (c) The height-time section of meteor counts with a grid of [2 km, 1 day] observed by the MCMR. The black solid lines represent the peak height (μ) and upper (μ+σ) and lower (μ–σ) widths of the meteor height distribution.
Figure 3. Scatterplot of the composite (a) meteor count rate and (b) peak height of the meteor detection distribution as a function of the day of the year. The red and green dashed lines represent the 30-day running mean and median values. The red line represents the harmonic fits consisting of annual, semiannual, terannual, and quarterly (periods of 365, 182.5, 121, 91 days) components for the composited peak height. (A1, A2, A3, A4) and (Φ1, Φ2, Φ3, Φ4) represent the amplitudes and phases of the annual, semiannual, terannual, and quarterly components, respectively.
Figure 4. (a) Monthly mean zonal (eastward is positive) and (b) meridional (northward is positive) winds from 2014 to 2022 observed by the MCMR between altitudes of 76 and 100 km. Contour plot of the Lomb-Scargle (LS) periodogram spectra corresponding to the daily mean zonal and meridional winds corresponding to the right column; the LS periodogram amplitudes are above the 95% confidence level.
Figure 5. Composite of monthly mean (a) zonal and (c) meridional winds from 2014 to 2022 observed by the Mengcheng meteor radar compared to the NAVGEM-HA derived monthly (b) zonal and (d) meridional winds. (e, f) Comparison of monthly mean SABER temperatures and NAVGEM-HA derived temperatures over the MCMR.
Figure 6. Lomb-Scargle periodogram of the zonal (a) and meridional (b) hourly winds at 90 km altitude measured by the Mengcheng meteor radar for the period 2014 to 2022. Annotations show peaks corresponding to 24-, 12- and 8-hour solar tides, as well as the 12.42-hour lunar tide and quasi-2-day planetary waves. The dashed lines show the 95% confidence level. Hourly mean zonal (left column) and meridional (right column) wind composite for 21-day intervals centered on (second row) spring equinox, (third row) summer solstice, (fourth row) autumn equinox and (fifth row) winter solstice in 2016.
Figure 7. Composite of zonal and meridional diurnal tidal (DT) amplitude (two upper rows) and phase (two lower rows) estimated by using the hourly wind measurements from 2014 to 2022 observed by the Mengcheng meteor radar (left column). The right column shows the zonal and meridional DT amplitude and phase estimated by the NAVGEM-HA results.
[1] |
Fritts D C, Alexander J M. Gravity wave dynamics and effects in the middle atmosphere. Reviews of Geophysics, 2003, 41 (1): 1003. doi: 10.1029/2001rg000106
|
[2] |
Frobes J M, Garrett H B. Theoretical studies of atmospheric tides. Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics, 1979, 17 (8): 1951–1981. doi: 10.1029/rg017i008p01951
|
[3] |
Hocking W K, Fuller B, Vandepeer B. Real-time determination of meteor-related parameters utilizing modern digital technology. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2001, 63: 155–169. doi: 10.1016/S1364-6826(00)00138-3
|
[4] |
Holdsworth D A, Reid I M, Cervera M A. Buckland Park all-sky interferometric meteor radar. Radio Science, 2004, 39: RS5009. doi: 10.1029/2003RS003014
|
[5] |
Ma Z, Gong Y, Zhang S, et al. Study of mean wind variations and gravity wave forcing via a meteor radar chain and comparison with HWM-07 results. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2018, 123 (17): 9488–9501. doi: 10.1029/2018jd028799
|
[6] |
Stober G, Kuchar A, Pokhotelov D, et al. Interhemispheric differences of mesosphere–lower thermosphere winds and tides investigated from three whole-atmosphere models and meteor radar observations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2021, 21 (18): 13855–13902. doi: 10.5194/acp-21-13855-2021
|
[7] |
Zhou B Z, Xue X H, Yi W, et al. A comparison of MLT wind between meteor radar chain and SD-WACCM results. Earth and Planetary Physics, 2022, 6 (5): 451–464. doi: 10.26464/epp2022040
|
[8] |
Yu Y, Wan W, Ning B, et al. Tidal wind mapping from observations of a meteor radar chain in December 2011. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2013, 118 (5): 2321–2332. doi: 10.1029/2012JA017976
|
[9] |
Stober G, Janches D, Matthias V, et al. Seasonal evolution of winds, atmospheric tides, and Reynolds stress components in the Southern Hemisphere mesosphere–lower thermosphere in 2019. Annales Geophysicae, 2021, 39 (1): 1–29. doi: 10.5194/angeo-39-1-2021
|
[10] |
Wang J C, Palo S E, Forbes J M, et al. Unusual quasi 10-day planetary wave activity and the ionospheric response during the 2019 Southern Hemisphere sudden stratospheric warming. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2021, 126 (6): e2021JA029286. doi: 10.1029/2021ja029286
|
[11] |
Wang J, Yi W, Chen T, et al. Quasi-6-day waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region and their possible coupling with the QBO and solar 27-day rotation. Earth and Planetary Physics, 2020, 4 (3): 285–295. doi: 10.26464/epp2020024
|
[12] |
Gu S Y, Lei J, Dou X, et al. The modulation of the quasi-two-day wave on total electron content as revealed by BeiDou GEO and meteor radar observations over central China. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2017, 122 (10): 10651–10657. doi: 10.1002/2017ja024349
|
[13] |
Holdsworth D A, Morris R J, Murphy D J, et al. Antarctic mesospheric temperature estimation using the Davis mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere radar. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2006, 111: D05108. doi: 10.1029/2005JD006589
|
[14] |
Hocking W K, Singer W, Bremer J, et al. Meteor radar temperatures at multiple sites derived with SKiYMET radars and compared to OH, rocket and lidar measurements. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2004, 66: 585–593. doi: 10.1016/j.jastp.2004.01.011
|
[15] |
Hall C M, Aso T, Tsutsumi M, et al. Neutral air temperatures at 90 km and 70°N and 78°N. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2006, 111: D14105. doi: 10.1029/2005JD006794
|
[16] |
Yi W, Xue X, Chen J, et al. Estimation of mesopause temperatures at low latitudes using the Kunming meteor radar. Radio Science, 2016, 51 (3): 130–141. doi: 10.1002/2015rs005722
|
[17] |
Yi W, Xue X, Reid I M, et al. Climatology of interhemispheric mesopause temperatures using the high-latitude and middle-latitude meteor radars. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2021, 126 (6): e2020JD034301. doi: 10.1029/2020jd034301
|
[18] |
Yi W, Xue X, Reid I M, et al. Estimation of mesospheric densities at low latitudes using the Kunming meteor radar together with SABER temperatures. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2018, 123 (4): 3183–3195. doi: 10.1002/2017ja025059
|
[19] |
Yi W, Xue X, Reid I M, et al. Climatology of the mesopause relative density using a global distribution of meteor radars. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2019, 19 (11): 7567–7581. doi: 10.5194/acp-19-7567-2019
|
[20] |
Rees D, Branett J J, Labitske K. COSPAR International Reference Atmosphere: 1986, Part II, Middle Atmosphere Models. Advances in Space Research, 1990, 10 (12): 357–517. doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(90)90405-o
|
[21] |
Picone J M, Hedin A E, Drob D P, et al. NRLMSISE-00 empirical model of the atmosphere: Statistical comparisons and scientific issues. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2002, 107 (A12): 1468. doi: 10.1029/2002JA009430
|
[22] |
Drob D P, Emmert J T, Crowley G, et al. An empirical model of the Earth’s horizontal wind fields: HWM07. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2008, 113: A12204. doi: 10.1029/2008ja013668
|
[23] |
Tang Q, Zhou Y, Du Z, et al. A comparison of meteor radar observation over China region with horizontal wind model (HWM14). Atmosphere, 2021, 12 (1): 98. doi: 10.3390/atmos12010098
|
[24] |
McCormack J, Hoppel K, Kuhl D, et al. Comparison of mesospheric winds from a high-altitude meteorological analysis system and meteor radar observations during the boreal winters of 2009–2010 and 2012–2013. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2017, 154: 132–166. doi: 10.1016/j.jastp.2016.12.007
|
[25] |
Stober G, Baumgarten K, McCormack J P, et al. Comparative study between ground-based observations and NAVGEM-HA analysis data in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2020, 20 (20): 11979–12010. doi: 10.5194/acp-20-11979-2020
|
[26] |
Jones J, Webster A R, Hocking W K. An improved interferometer design for use with meteor radars. Radio Science, 1998, 33 (1): 55–65. doi: 10.1029/97rs03050
|
[27] |
Reid I M, McIntosh D L, Murphy, D J, et al. Mesospheric radar wind comparisons at high and middle southern latitudes. Earth, Planets and Space, 2018, 70 (1): 84. doi: 10.1186/s40623-018-0861-1
|
[28] |
Zeng J, Yi W, Xue X, et al. Comparison between the mesospheric winds observed by two collocated meteor radars at low latitudes. Remote Sensing, 2022, 14 (10): 2354. doi: 10.3390/rs14102354
|
[29] |
Singer W, von Zahn U, Weiß J. Diurnal and annual variations of meteor rates at the arctic circle. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2004, 4: 1355–1363. doi: 10.5194/acpd-4-1-2004
|
[30] |
Janches D, Palo S E, Lau E M, et al. Diurnal and seasonal variability of the meteoric flux at the South Pole measured with radars. Geophysical Research Letters, 2004, 31: L20807. doi: 10.1029/2004GL021104
|
[31] |
Reid I M, Holdsworth D A, Morris R J, et al. Meteor observations using the Davis mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere radar. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2006, 111: A05305. doi: 10.1029/2005JA011443
|
[32] |
McCormack J P, Lynn Harvey V, Randall C E, et al. Intercomparison of middle atmospheric meteorological analyses for the Northern Hemisphere winter 2009–2010. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2021, 21 (23): 17577–17605. doi: 10.5194/acp-21-17577-2021
|
[33] |
Das S S, Kumar K K, Ramkumar G. First observations of quasi 120 day oscillation in mesospheric winds and temperature: Observations inferred from meteor radar. Radio Science, 2013, 48: 310–315. doi: 10.1002/rds.20037
|
[34] |
Yi W, Xue X, Chen J, et al. Quasi-90-day oscillation observed in the MLT region at low latitudes from the Kunming meteor radar and SABER. Earth and Planetary Physics, 2019, 3 (2): 136–146. doi: 10.26464/epp2019013
|
[35] |
Guharay A, Batista P P, Buriti R A. Observations of a quasi-90-day oscillation in the MLT winds and tides over an equatorial station using meteor radar winds. Advances in Space Research, 2021, 67 (10): 3125–3133. doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2021.02.004
|
[36] |
Gasperini F, Hagan M E, Zhao Y. Evidence of tropospheric 90 day oscillations in the thermosphere. Geophysical Research Letters, 2017, 44 (20): 10125–10133. doi: 10.1002/2017gl075445
|
[37] |
Reid I M, Spargo A J, Woithe J M. Seasonal variations of the nighttime O(1S) and O (8-3) airglow intensity at Adelaide, Australia. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2014, 119: 6991–7013. doi: 10.1002/2013JD020906
|
[38] |
Remsberg E, Damadeo R, Natarajan M, et al. Observed responses of mesospheric water vapor to solar cycle and dynamical forcings. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2018, 123 (7): 3830–3843. doi: 10.1002/2017jd028029
|
[39] |
Luo J, Gong Y, Ma Z, et al. Long-term variation of lunar semidiurnal tides in the MLT region revealed by a meteor radar chain. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2022, 127 (9): e2022JA030616. doi: 10.1029/2022ja030616
|
[40] |
Li N, Luan X, Lei J, et al. Variations of mesospheric neutral winds and tides observed by a meteor radar chain over China during the 2013 sudden stratospheric warming. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2020, 125 (5): e2019JA027443. doi: 10.1029/2019ja027443
|
[41] |
Ma Z, Gong Y, Zhang S, et al. Understanding the excitation of quasi-6-day waves in both hemispheres during the September 2019 Antarctic SSW. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2022, 127 (3): e2021JD035984. doi: 10.1029/2021jd035984
|
[42] |
Gu S Y, Li T, Dou X, et al. Long-term observations of the quasi two-day wave by Hawaii MF radar. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2013, 118 (12): 7886–7894. doi: 10.1002/2013JA018858
|
[43] |
Gu S Y, Li T, Dou X, et al. Observations of quasi-two-day wave by TIMED/SABER and TIMED/TIDI. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2013, 118 (4): 1624–1639. doi: 10.1002/jgrd.50191
|
[44] |
Gu S Y, Liu H L, Pedatella N M, et al. On the wave number 2 eastward propagating quasi 2 day wave at middle and high latitudes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 2017, 122 (4): 4489–4499. doi: 10.1002/2016ja023353
|
[45] |
Hindley N P, Mitchell N J, Cobbett N, et al. Radar observations of winds, waves and tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere over South Georgia island (54°S, 36°W) and comparison with WACCM simulations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2022, 22 (14): 9435–9459. doi: 10.5194/acp-22-9435-2022
|