[1] |
ZHOU L M, DICKINSON R E, TIAN Y H, et al. Evidence for a significant urbanization effect on climate in China[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004, 101 (26): 9540-9544.
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[2] |
KALNAY E, CAI M. Erratum: Corrigendum: Impact of urbanization and land-use change on climate[J]. Nature, 2003, 425(6953): 102.
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[3] |
KNODEL J. United Nations Population Division: Living Arrangements of Older Persons Around the World[J]. Population and Development Review, 2006, 32(2): 373.
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[4] |
HOWARD L. The Climate of London: Deduced from Meteorological Observations Made in the Metropolis and at Various Places Around It[M]. London: Harvey and Darton, 1833.
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[5] |
MANLEY G. On the frequency of snowfall in metropolitan England[J]. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 1958, 84(359): 70-72.
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[6] |
周明煜, 曲绍厚, 李玉英, 等. 北京地区热岛和热岛环流特征[J]. 环境科学, 1980(5): 12-18.
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[7] |
徐伟, 杨涵洧, 张仕鹏, 等. 上海城市热岛的变化特征[J]. 热带气象学报, 2018, 34(2): 228-238.
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[8] |
李庆祥, 张洪政, 刘小宁, 等. 中国城市热岛效应的证据及对中国区域气候变化的影响[C]// 中国气象学会2004年年会会议论文集. 北京:中国气象学会, 2004.
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[9] |
纪瑞鹏, 张喜民,李刚. 沈阳等6城市热岛效应卫星监测研究[J]. 辽宁气象, 2000(4): 22-23.
|
[10] |
BALDOCCHI D, FALGE E, GU L, et al. FLUXNET: A new tool to study the temporal and spatial variability of ecosystem-scale carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy flux densities[J]. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2001, 82(11): 2415-2434.
|
[11] |
CAMPBELL G S, NORMAN J M, SPRINGERLINK O S. An Introduction to Environmental Biophysics[M]. New York: Springer, 1998.
|
[12] |
MARGULIS S. Handbook of micrometeorology: A guide for surface flux measurement and analysis[M]. Boston: American Meteorological Society, 2006: 87, 957.
|
[13] |
ARNFIELD A J. Two decades of urban climate research: A review of turbulence, exchanges of energy and water, and the urban heat island[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 2003, 23(1): 1-26.
|
[14] |
GRIMMOND C, OKE T R. Turbulent heat fluxes in urban areas: Observations and a local-scale urban meteorological parameterization scheme (LUMPS)[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 2002, 41(7): 792.
|
[15] |
NEMITZ E, HARGREAVES K J, MCDONALD A G, et al. Micrometeorological measurements of the urban heat budget and CO2 emissions on a city scale[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2002, 36(14): 3139-3146.
|
[16] |
CHRISTEN A, VOGT R. Energy and radiation balance of a central European city[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 2004, 24(11): 1395-1421.
|
[17] |
VELASCO E, VELASCO E, PRESSLEY S, et al. Energy balance in urban Mexico City: Observation and parameterization during the MILAGRO/MCMA-2006 field campaign[J]. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2011, 103(3): 501-517.
|
[18] |
GOLDBACH A, KUTTLER W. Quantification of turbulent heat fluxes for adaptation strategies within urban planning[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 2013, 33(1): 143-159.
|
[19] |
CHOW W T L, VOLO T J, VIVONI E R, et al. Seasonal dynamics of a suburban energy balance in Phoenix, Arizona[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 2014, 34(15): 3863-3880.
|
[20] |
王成刚, 孙鉴泞, 胡非, 等. 城市水泥下垫面能量平衡特征的观测与分析[J]. 南京大学学报(自然科学), 2007, 43(3): 270-279.
|
[21] |
彭江良, 吴息, 江志红, 等. 南京冬季城、郊下垫面能量平衡特征分析[J]. 气象科学, 2008, 28(1): 21-29.
|
[22] |
苗世光, 窦军霞, CHEN F, 等. 北京城市地表能量平衡特征观测分析[J]. 中国科学:地球科学, 2012, 42(9): 1394-1402.
|
[23] |
YUAN R, KANG M, et al. Expansion of the planar-fit method to estimate flux over complex terrain[J]. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 2011, 110(3): 123-133.
|
[24] |
王咏薇,王雪倩,胡楠,等.城市地表湍流观测数据的后处理及质量控制[J].气象科学, 2013, 33(2): 153-159.
|
[25] |
YUAN R, ZHANG X, LIU H, et al. Aerosol vertical mass flux measurements during heavy aerosol pollution episodes at a rural site and an urban site in the Beijing area of the North China Plain[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2019, 19(20): 12857-12874.
|
[26] |
OKE T R. The distinction between canopy and boundary-layer urban heat Islands[J]. Atmosphere, 1976, 14(4): 268-277.
|
[27] |
SHAKER R, ALTMAN Y, DENG C, et al. Investigating urban heat island through spatial analysis of New York City streetscapes[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 233: 972-992.
|
[28] |
RICHARDS K, OKE T R. Validation and results of a scale model of dew deposition in urban environments[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 2002, 22(15): 1915-1933.
|
[29] |
CONNORS J P, GALLETTI C S, et al. Landscape configuration and urban heat island effects: Assessing the relationship between landscape characteristics and land surface temperature in Phoenix, Arizona[J]. Landscape Ecology, 2013, 28(2): 271-283.
|
[30] |
YUAN R M, LUO T, SUN J N, et al. A new method for estimating aerosol mass flux in the urban surface layer using LAS technology[J]. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 2016, 9(4): 1925-1937.)
|
[1] |
ZHOU L M, DICKINSON R E, TIAN Y H, et al. Evidence for a significant urbanization effect on climate in China[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2004, 101 (26): 9540-9544.
|
[2] |
KALNAY E, CAI M. Erratum: Corrigendum: Impact of urbanization and land-use change on climate[J]. Nature, 2003, 425(6953): 102.
|
[3] |
KNODEL J. United Nations Population Division: Living Arrangements of Older Persons Around the World[J]. Population and Development Review, 2006, 32(2): 373.
|
[4] |
HOWARD L. The Climate of London: Deduced from Meteorological Observations Made in the Metropolis and at Various Places Around It[M]. London: Harvey and Darton, 1833.
|
[5] |
MANLEY G. On the frequency of snowfall in metropolitan England[J]. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 1958, 84(359): 70-72.
|
[6] |
周明煜, 曲绍厚, 李玉英, 等. 北京地区热岛和热岛环流特征[J]. 环境科学, 1980(5): 12-18.
|
[7] |
徐伟, 杨涵洧, 张仕鹏, 等. 上海城市热岛的变化特征[J]. 热带气象学报, 2018, 34(2): 228-238.
|
[8] |
李庆祥, 张洪政, 刘小宁, 等. 中国城市热岛效应的证据及对中国区域气候变化的影响[C]// 中国气象学会2004年年会会议论文集. 北京:中国气象学会, 2004.
|
[9] |
纪瑞鹏, 张喜民,李刚. 沈阳等6城市热岛效应卫星监测研究[J]. 辽宁气象, 2000(4): 22-23.
|
[10] |
BALDOCCHI D, FALGE E, GU L, et al. FLUXNET: A new tool to study the temporal and spatial variability of ecosystem-scale carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy flux densities[J]. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2001, 82(11): 2415-2434.
|
[11] |
CAMPBELL G S, NORMAN J M, SPRINGERLINK O S. An Introduction to Environmental Biophysics[M]. New York: Springer, 1998.
|
[12] |
MARGULIS S. Handbook of micrometeorology: A guide for surface flux measurement and analysis[M]. Boston: American Meteorological Society, 2006: 87, 957.
|
[13] |
ARNFIELD A J. Two decades of urban climate research: A review of turbulence, exchanges of energy and water, and the urban heat island[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 2003, 23(1): 1-26.
|
[14] |
GRIMMOND C, OKE T R. Turbulent heat fluxes in urban areas: Observations and a local-scale urban meteorological parameterization scheme (LUMPS)[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 2002, 41(7): 792.
|
[15] |
NEMITZ E, HARGREAVES K J, MCDONALD A G, et al. Micrometeorological measurements of the urban heat budget and CO2 emissions on a city scale[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2002, 36(14): 3139-3146.
|
[16] |
CHRISTEN A, VOGT R. Energy and radiation balance of a central European city[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 2004, 24(11): 1395-1421.
|
[17] |
VELASCO E, VELASCO E, PRESSLEY S, et al. Energy balance in urban Mexico City: Observation and parameterization during the MILAGRO/MCMA-2006 field campaign[J]. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2011, 103(3): 501-517.
|
[18] |
GOLDBACH A, KUTTLER W. Quantification of turbulent heat fluxes for adaptation strategies within urban planning[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 2013, 33(1): 143-159.
|
[19] |
CHOW W T L, VOLO T J, VIVONI E R, et al. Seasonal dynamics of a suburban energy balance in Phoenix, Arizona[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 2014, 34(15): 3863-3880.
|
[20] |
王成刚, 孙鉴泞, 胡非, 等. 城市水泥下垫面能量平衡特征的观测与分析[J]. 南京大学学报(自然科学), 2007, 43(3): 270-279.
|
[21] |
彭江良, 吴息, 江志红, 等. 南京冬季城、郊下垫面能量平衡特征分析[J]. 气象科学, 2008, 28(1): 21-29.
|
[22] |
苗世光, 窦军霞, CHEN F, 等. 北京城市地表能量平衡特征观测分析[J]. 中国科学:地球科学, 2012, 42(9): 1394-1402.
|
[23] |
YUAN R, KANG M, et al. Expansion of the planar-fit method to estimate flux over complex terrain[J]. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 2011, 110(3): 123-133.
|
[24] |
王咏薇,王雪倩,胡楠,等.城市地表湍流观测数据的后处理及质量控制[J].气象科学, 2013, 33(2): 153-159.
|
[25] |
YUAN R, ZHANG X, LIU H, et al. Aerosol vertical mass flux measurements during heavy aerosol pollution episodes at a rural site and an urban site in the Beijing area of the North China Plain[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2019, 19(20): 12857-12874.
|
[26] |
OKE T R. The distinction between canopy and boundary-layer urban heat Islands[J]. Atmosphere, 1976, 14(4): 268-277.
|
[27] |
SHAKER R, ALTMAN Y, DENG C, et al. Investigating urban heat island through spatial analysis of New York City streetscapes[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 233: 972-992.
|
[28] |
RICHARDS K, OKE T R. Validation and results of a scale model of dew deposition in urban environments[J]. International Journal of Climatology, 2002, 22(15): 1915-1933.
|
[29] |
CONNORS J P, GALLETTI C S, et al. Landscape configuration and urban heat island effects: Assessing the relationship between landscape characteristics and land surface temperature in Phoenix, Arizona[J]. Landscape Ecology, 2013, 28(2): 271-283.
|
[30] |
YUAN R M, LUO T, SUN J N, et al. A new method for estimating aerosol mass flux in the urban surface layer using LAS technology[J]. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 2016, 9(4): 1925-1937.)
|