Abstract:
On a compact Riemann surface
X 
with finite punctures
P_1, \cdots, P_k 
, we define toric curves as multivalued, totally unramified holomorphic maps to
\mathbbP^n 
with monodromy in a maximal torus of
\mathrmPSU(n+1) 
. Toric solutions to
\mathrmSU(n+1) 
Toda systems on
X\setminus\P_1,\cdots, P_k\ 
are recognized by the associated toric curves in
\mathbbP^n 
. We introduce character
n-ensembles as
n 
-tuples of meromorphic one-forms with simple poles and purely imaginary periods, generating toric curves on
X 
minus finitely many points. On
X 
, we establish a correspondence between character
n 
-ensembles and toric solutions to the
\mathrmSU(n+1) 
system with finitely many cone singularities. Our approach not only broadens seminal solutions with two cone singularities on the Riemann sphere, as classified by Jost–Wang (
Int. Math. Res. Not., 2002, (6): 277–290) and Lin–Wei–Ye (
Invent. Math., 2012, 190(1): 169–207), but also advances beyond the limits of Lin–Yang–Zhong’s existence theorems (
J. Differential Geom., 2020, 114(2): 337–391) by introducing a new solution class.