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Open AccessOpen Access JUSTC Engineering & Materials 08 June 2023

Synthesis, properties, and applications of topological quantum materials

  • Department of Materials Science & Engineering, CAS Key Lab of Materials for Energy Conversion, Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photon Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

Cite this:
https://doi.org/10.52396/JUSTC-2023-0024
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  • Author Bio:

    Junjie Wu is currently a postgraduate student at the University of Science and Technology of China. His research focuses on the synthesis and properties of topological quantum materials

    Bin Xiang is a Professor at the University of Science and Technology of China. He received his Ph.D. degree from Peking University in 2005. His research field includes the synthesis, characterization and application of two-dimensional quantum functional materials

  • Corresponding author: E-mail: binxiang@ustc.edu.cn
  • Received Date: 20 February 2023
  • Accepted Date: 11 May 2023
    • Available Online: 08 June 2023
    Abstract

  • Abstract

    Since topological quantum materials may possess interesting properties and promote the application of electronic devices, the search for new topological quantum materials has become the focus and frontier of condensed matter physics. Currently, it has been found that there are two interesting systems in topological quantum materials: topological superconducting materials and topological magnetic materials. Although research on these materials has made rapid progress, a systematic review of their synthesis, properties, and applications, particularly their synthesis, is still lacking. In this paper, we emphasize the experimental preparation of two typical topological quantum materials and then briefly introduce their potential physical properties and applications. Finally, we provide insights into current and future issues in the study of topological quantum material systems.

    Graphical abstract

    The typical synthesis of topological quantum materials.

    Abstract

    Since topological quantum materials may possess interesting properties and promote the application of electronic devices, the search for new topological quantum materials has become the focus and frontier of condensed matter physics. Currently, it has been found that there are two interesting systems in topological quantum materials: topological superconducting materials and topological magnetic materials. Although research on these materials has made rapid progress, a systematic review of their synthesis, properties, and applications, particularly their synthesis, is still lacking. In this paper, we emphasize the experimental preparation of two typical topological quantum materials and then briefly introduce their potential physical properties and applications. Finally, we provide insights into current and future issues in the study of topological quantum material systems.

    • Public Summary

    • The review presents the synthesis of two typical topological quantum materials.
    • Topological magnets and topological superconductors with their potential physical properties and applications are discussed.
    • Research related to the study of topological quantum material systems is of great importance.

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    • References(112)
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    Figure  1.  (a) Schematic diagram for synthesizing single crystals by CVT technology and optical images of topological quantum single crystals grown by CVT. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [46]. Copyright 2017, American Physical Society. (b) ZrGeSe. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [47]. Copyright 2019. American Chemical Society. (c) MnSb2Te4. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [24]. Copyright 2022. American Chemical Society. (d) MnBi2Te4. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [21]. Copyright 2021. American Physical Society. (e) SmSbTe. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [20]. Copyright 2021. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

    Figure  2.  (a) Illustration of the preparation of single crystals by the self-flux method and optical images of topological quantum materials. Reprinted with permisssion from Ref. [46]. Copyright 2017, American Physical Society. (b) FeSn. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [48]. Copyright 2019. American Physical Society. (c) CsV3Sb5. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [49]. Copyright 2022. American Physical Society. (d) Fe3GeTe2. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [50]. Copyright 2016. American Physical Society. (e) FeSe. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [46]. Copyright 2017. American Physical Society.

    Figure  3.  Schematic diagram of FeTe material synthesis by the CVD method. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [77]. Copyright 2020. Springer Nature.

    Figure  4.  Schematic diagram of Al2O3-assisted mechanical exfoliation of Fe3GeTe2. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [88]. Copyright 2018. Springer Nature.

    Figure  5.  Schematic illustration of different liquid exfoliation procedures: (a) intercalation, (b) ion exchange, and (c) ultrasonic exfoliation. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [98]. Copyright 2011. AAAS.

    Figure  6.  (a) Photo of Co3Sn2S2 single crystals. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [104]. Copyright 2023, IOP Publishing. (b) Temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility with ZFC and FC modes at μ0H = 1 T with H||c. Inset: field dependence of magnetization at 5 and 300 K for H||c. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [105]. Copyright 2018. Springer Nature. (c) The Brillouin zones of Co3Sn2S2 for the bulk and (111) surface with several high-symmetry points marked in red. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [106]. Copyright 2021. American Physical Society. (d) The Fermi surface in the vicinity of the $ \stackrel{-}{\mathrm{K}} $ point by using ARPES, where white arrows indicate a potential topological Fermi arc. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [106]. Copyright 2021. American Physical Society.

    Figure  7.  (a) Optical image of PbTaSe2 single crystals. (b) The diagram of helical Cooper pairing as the result of the surface-bulk proximity effect. (c) ARPES Fermi surface taken with 64 eV photons. (d) ARPES spectral cut along $ \stackrel{-}{M\text{'}} $- $ \stackrel{-}{\Gamma } $- $ \stackrel{-}{M} $. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [17]. Copyright 2016. American Physical Society.

    Figure  8.  (a) Topological surface states of 2 M-WS2, reprinted with permission from Ref. [108], copyright 2019, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (b) Schematic diagram of the spin–orbit semiconductor nanowire coupled to the S-wave superconductor in an external magnetic field B. Majorana zero modes γ are expected at the ends of the heterogeneous nanowire, reprinted with permission from Ref. [109], copyright 2020, Springer Nature.

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