ISSN 0253-2778

CN 34-1054/N

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Open AccessOpen Access JUSTC Original Paper

Heavy metal pollution characteristics and ecological risk assessment for soil in northern Chaohu Lake

  • Geological Survey of Anhui Province, Hefei 230001, China

Cite this:
https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.0253-2778.2017.05.008
  • Received Date: 11 June 2016
  • Rev Recd Date: 12 October 2016
  • Publish Date: 31 May 2017
    Abstract

  • Abstract

    The surface soil in the north of Chaohu was studied and a total of 165 samples were collected and the concentrations and pollution characteristics of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn were analyzed. The heavy metal concentrations in this area were compared with those of other areas. Then, pollution index and potential ecological risk index were used respectively for assessing the pollution status and ecological risk of soil heavy metals in this area. Results suggest that the average concentrations of eight heavy metals rank as follows: Cr>Zn>Ni>Pb>Cu>As>Cd>Hg. The coefficent variations of Cd and Hg are higher than the other six heavy metals. Furthermore, higher enrichment coefficients occur also in Cd and Hg when compared with the deep soils. Single factor pollution index indicates that eight heavy metals in the soils of this area are all at a clear level, and the pollution degree is in the following order: Pb>Cr>As=Ni>Cu>Cd>Zn>Hg. Accordingly, a clear level in this area is shown by Nemerow integrated pollution index. Calculation of the potential ecological risk index shows that, among the eight tested heavy metals, Cd and Hg are the main potential ecological risk factors, and their contribution is 19.40% and 72.87%, respectively.

    Abstract

    The surface soil in the north of Chaohu was studied and a total of 165 samples were collected and the concentrations and pollution characteristics of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn were analyzed. The heavy metal concentrations in this area were compared with those of other areas. Then, pollution index and potential ecological risk index were used respectively for assessing the pollution status and ecological risk of soil heavy metals in this area. Results suggest that the average concentrations of eight heavy metals rank as follows: Cr>Zn>Ni>Pb>Cu>As>Cd>Hg. The coefficent variations of Cd and Hg are higher than the other six heavy metals. Furthermore, higher enrichment coefficients occur also in Cd and Hg when compared with the deep soils. Single factor pollution index indicates that eight heavy metals in the soils of this area are all at a clear level, and the pollution degree is in the following order: Pb>Cr>As=Ni>Cu>Cd>Zn>Hg. Accordingly, a clear level in this area is shown by Nemerow integrated pollution index. Calculation of the potential ecological risk index shows that, among the eight tested heavy metals, Cd and Hg are the main potential ecological risk factors, and their contribution is 19.40% and 72.87%, respectively.
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    • References(46)
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    崔邢涛,栾文楼,牛彦斌,等.唐山城市土壤重金属污染及潜在生态危害评价[J]. 中国地质, 2011, 38(5):1379-1386.
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    李珊珊,单保庆,张洪.滏阳河河系表层沉积物重金属污染特征及其风险评价[J].环境科学学报, 2013, 33(8):2277-2284.
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    [1]
    PAN L B, MA J, WANG X L, et al. Heavy metals in soils from a typical county in Shanxi Province, China: Levels, sources and spatial distribution[J]. Chemosphere, 2016, 148:248-254.
    [2]
    FACCHINELLI A, SACCHI E, MALLEN L. Multivariate statistical and GIS-based approach to identify heavy metal sources in soils[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2001, 114:313-324.
    [3]
    黄方,南晓云. 土壤中非传统稳定同位素研究进展[J].中国科学技术大学学报, 2015, 45(2): 87-100.
    [4]
    王萍, 王世亮, 刘少卿,等. 砷的发生、形态、污染源及地球化学循环[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2010, 33(7): 90-97.
    [5]
    ZHANG Z Y, LI J Y, MAMAT Z, et al. Sources identification and pollution evaluation of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Bortala River, Northwest China[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2016, 126:94-101.
    [6]
    滑丽萍,华珞,高娟,等.中国湖泊底泥的重金属污染评价研究[J]. 土壤, 2006, 38(4):366-373.
    [7]
    陈龙胜,陈世金,许舒雯,等.长江中下游流域湖泊沉积物中重金属污染现状及环境意义[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2013, 41(16):7290-7293.
    [8]
    杨辉,陈国光,刘红樱,等.长江下游主要湖泊沉积物重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价[J]. 地球与环境, 2013, 41(2):160-165.
    [9]
    曹德菊,岳永德,黄祥明,等.巢湖水体Pb, Cu, Fe污染的环境质量评价[J].中国环境科学, 2004, 24(4):126-129.
    [10]
    刘路,洪天求,潘国林,等.巢湖十五里河河口沉积物污染特征研究[J].合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版）, 2007, 30(3):364-366,374.
    [11]
    TANG W Z, SHAN B Q, ZHANG H, et al. Heavy metal sources and associated risk in response to agricultural intensification in the estuarine sediments of Chaohu Lake Valley, East China[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010, 176:945-951.
    [12]
    李国莲,刘桂建,姜萌萌,等.巢湖表层沉积物与上覆水体中重金属分配特征及其相关性研究[J]. 中国科学技术大学学报, 2011, 41(1):9-15.
    [13]
    WEN S F, SHAN B Q, ZHANG H. Metals in sediment/pore water in Chaohu Lake: Distribution, trends and flux[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2012, 24(12):2041-2050.
    [14]
    余秀娟,霍守亮,昝逢宇,等.巢湖表层沉积物中重金属的分布特征及其污染评价[J]. 环境工程学报, 2013, 7(2):439-450.
    [15]
    刘成,邵世光,范成新,等.巢湖重污染汇流湾区沉积物重金属污染特征及风险评价[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014, 34(4):1031-1037.
    [16]
    邢润华,陈永宁.土壤污染评价中几种不同评价标准的比较——以合肥地区为例[J]. 安徽地质, 2008, 18(1): 42-46.
    [17]
    钟先锦,刘明祥,胡翰林.巢湖经济开发区土壤重金属分布特征及污染评价[J]. 宿州学院学报, 2015, 30(7):106-109.
    [18]
    中国地质调查局。多目标区域地球化学调查规范（1:250000）(DD200501)[S].北京：中国地质调查局，2005.
    [19]
    国家环境保护总局。土壤环境质量标准：GB 15618-1995 [S].北京：中国环境科学出版社，1995.
    [20]
    程芳,程金平,桑恒春,等.大金山岛土壤重金属污染评价及相关性分析[J]. 环境科学, 2013, 34(3):1062-1066.
    [21]
    李灵,梁彦兰,张玉,等.武夷岩茶核心种植区土壤重金属污染特征及土壤质量评价[J]. 土壤通报, 2013, 44(3):730-736.
    [22]
    吴新民,李恋卿,潘根兴,等.南京市不同功能城区土壤中重金属Cu、Zn、Pb和Cd的污染特征[J]. 环境科学, 2003, 24(3):105-111.
    [23]
    郭伟,孙文惠,赵仁鑫,等.呼和浩特市不同功能区土壤重金属污染特征及评价[J]. 环境科学, 2013, 34(4):1561-1567.
    [24]
    方晓波,史坚,廖欣峰,等.临安市雷竹林土壤重金属污染特征及生态风险评价[J]. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(6):1883-1891.
    [25]
    李祚泳,丁晶,彭荔红.环境质量评价原理与方法[M]. 北京：化学工业出版社, 2004:128-135.
    [26]
    潘勇军,陈步峰,肖以华,等.广州市城市森林土壤重金属污染状况及其评价[J]. 生态环境, 2008, 17(1):210-215.
    [27]
    崔邢涛,栾文楼,牛彦斌,等.唐山城市土壤重金属污染及潜在生态危害评价[J]. 中国地质, 2011, 38(5):1379-1386.
    [28]
    韩平,王纪华,陆安祥,等.北京顺义区土壤重金属分布与环境质量评价[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2012, 31(1):106-112.
    [29]
    管后春,李运怀,彭苗枝.黄山市城市表层土壤重金属环境质量及人为污染评价[J]. 土壤通报, 2013, 44(3):737-743.
    [30]
    HKANSON L. An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control: a sedimentological approach[J]. Water Research, 1980, 14:975-1001.
    [31]
    徐争启,倪师军,庹先国,等.潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数计算[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2008, 31(2):112-115.
    [32]
    管后春,李运怀,彭苗枝,等.黄山城市土壤重金属污染及其潜在生态风险评价[J]. 中国地质, 2013, 40(6):1949-1958.
    [33]
    陈兴仁,陈富荣,贾十军,等.安徽省江淮流域土壤地球化学基准值与背景值研究[J]. 中国地质, 2012, 39(2):302-310.
    [34]
    孟飞,刘敏,史同广.上海农田土壤重金属的环境质量评价[J]. 环境科学, 2008, 29(2):428-433.
    [35]
    MAMAT Z, YIMIT H, JI R Z A, et al. Source identification and hazardous risk delineation of heavy metal contamination in Yanqi basin, northwest China[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2014, 493:1098-1111.
    [36]
    HAN Y M, DU P X, CAO J J, et al. Multivariate analysis of heavy metal contamination in urban dusts of Xi'an, Central China[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2006, 355:176-186.
    [37]
    蒋海燕,刘敏,黄沈发,等.城市土壤污染研究现状与趋势[J].安全与环境学报, 2004, 4(5):73-77.
    [38]
    CAI L M, XU Z C, REN M Z, et al. Source identification of eight hazardous heavy metals in agricultural soils of Huizhou, Guangdong Province, China[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2012, 78:2-8.
    [39]
    HUANG S S, LIAO Q L, HUA M, et al. Survey of heavy metal pollution and assessment of agricultural soil in Yangzhong district, Jiangsu Province, China[J]. Chemosphere, 2007, 67:2148-2155.
    [40]
    陈江,张海燕,何小峰,等. 湖州市土壤重金属元素分布及潜在生态风险评价[J]. 土壤, 2010, 42(4):595-599.
    [41]
    SUN C Y, LIU J S, WANG Y, et al. Multivariate and geostatistical analyses of the spatial distribution and sources of heavy metals in agricultural soil in Dehui, Northeast China[J]. Chemosphere, 2013, 92: 517-523.
    [42]
    LIU Y, WANG H F, LI X T, et al. Heavy metal contamination of agricultural soils in Taiyuan, China[J]. Pedosphere, 2015, 25(6):901-909.
    [43]
    张小敏,张秀英,钟太洋,等.中国农田土壤重金属富集状况及其空间分布研究[J].环境科学, 2014, 35(2):692-703.
    [44]
    李珊珊,单保庆,张洪.滏阳河河系表层沉积物重金属污染特征及其风险评价[J].环境科学学报, 2013, 33(8):2277-2284.
    [45]
    NICHOLSON F A, SMITH S R, ALLOWAY B J, et al. An inventory of heavy metals inputs to agricultural soils in England and Wales[J]. Science of The Total Environment, 2003, 311:205-219.
    [46]
    LUO L, MA Y B, ZHANG S Z, et al. An inventory of trace element inputs to agricultural soils in China[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2009, 90:2524-2530.
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